“关于”和“对于”为一对近义介词,在用法上有很大的不同,如“对于”可以引进动作的对象,而“关于”则用于引进动作的涉及范围,但在引进动作涉及的事物时,两词又有一致性。留学生在学习这两个介词时,因为母语负迁移和目的语泛化等原因,容易产生偏误。通过对HSK动态作文语料库的考察,留学生在学习时有混用偏误率高、偏误类型多样化和受母语影响等特点,容易出现误加、遗漏、混用、位置不当和搭配成分不全等偏误类型。根据学生的实际水平和具体情况,我们提出一些相应的教学对策。“Guanyu” and “Duiyu” are a pair of synonymous prepositions, but they have significant differences in usage. For example, “Duiyu” introduces the object of an action, while “Guanyu” is used to introduce the scope of an action. However, when referring to the things involved in an action, the two words are consistent. Due to factors such as native language interference and language generalization, international students often make errors when learning these two prepositions. Based on an analysis of the HSK dynamic essay corpus, common errors include high rates of confusion, diverse error types, and influence from the native language. These errors may involve additions, omissions, misuse, improper placement, and incomplete collocations. We propose corresponding teaching strategies based on students’ actual proficiency levels and specific situations.
介词在虚词中是属于功能较为复杂,所涉及的范围也比较广泛的那一部分,在汉语的语法中占有很重要的地位,也因此在对外汉语教学中介词的教学成为重难点之一。本文以HSK动态作文语料库作为语料来源,主要研究日本留学生在使用介词“从”的时候产生偏误的类型和原因。偏误类型概括为“缺失”“多加”和“混用”,进而从介词本身、学习者个人、教学与教材方面分析偏误原因,并提出相应的教学策略,希望可以为日本留学生更好掌握和使用介词“从”提供一定帮助。Prepositions are part of virtual words that are more complex in function and involve a relatively wide range. They play a very important role in Chinese grammar. Therefore, the teaching of intermediary words in Chinese as a foreign language has become one of the key and difficult points. This article takes the HSK dynamic composition corpus as the source of the corpus, and mainly studies the types and causes of biases caused by Japanese students when using the preposition “Cong”. The type of bias is summarised as “missing”, “multiple” and “mixed”, and then analyse the causes of the bias Cong the preposition itself, the individual learner, teaching and textbook, and put forward the corresponding teaching strategy, hoping to provide some help for Japanese students to better master and use the preposition “Cong”.
“是”字句是对外汉语教学中的一种重要句型,汉语作为第二语言的学习者在日常的口语交际和书面表达中使用频率较高。然而,由于汉语和英语语言在语法结构、语义表达等方面的差异,使得留学生在学习“是”字句时常常出现偏误。论文以对比语言学理论为指导,以HSK动态作文语料库为基础,结合对比研究和语料研究的方法,分析归纳英国、加拿大、美国等7个母语为英语背景的留学生在学习“是”字句时的偏误类型和原因,并提出针对性的教学策略和建议,以期为汉语作为第二语言的教与学提供理论和实践指导,丰富和深化相关研究。The “是” sentence is an important sentence pattern in the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language, and learners of Chinese as a second language use it more frequently in their daily oral communication and written expression. However, due to the differences between Chinese and English in terms of grammatical structure and semantic expression, international students often make mistakes when learning “是”-sentences. Based on the theory of comparative linguistics and the HSK Dynamic Composition Corpus, the thesis analyzes and summarizes the types and causes of the errors in learning “是”-sentences of seven international students from the UK, Canada and the US with native English backgrounds by combining comparative and corpus research methods, and puts forward targeted teaching strategies and suggestions with a view to The study provides theoretical and practical guidance for the teaching and learning of Chinese as a second language, and enriches and deepens related research.
