过敏性鼻炎是一个广泛的全球性健康问题。根据流行病学调查显示,近年来随着空气环境的恶化及人们生活方式的改变,过敏性鼻炎的发病率呈现逐年升高趋势,已成为危害人类健康的社会性问题之一,并且儿童也是过敏性鼻炎的高发人群。儿童过敏性鼻炎主要症状包括鼻塞、鼻痒、流涕和打喷嚏,其发生常表现出病情易反复、迁延不愈等特点,对患儿的生命健康、正常生长、发育状态均有着严重的负面影响。现阶段临床治疗该疾病的方式有健康教育、药物治疗、免疫治疗及辅助治疗。本文将从流行病学、临床特征、过敏原、治疗方式及预防角度对儿童过敏性鼻炎进行阐述。Allergic rhinitis is a widespread global health issue. According to the epidemiological survey, in recent years, with the deterioration of the air environment and the change of people’s lifestyle, the incidence rate of allergic rhinitis has increased year by year, which has become one of the social problems endangering human health, and children are also the high incidence group of allergic rhinitis. The main symptoms of allergic rhinitis in children include nasal congestion, itching, runny nose, and sneezing. Its occurrence often shows the characteristics of easy recurrence and persistent illness, which has a serious negative impact on the child’s life, health, normal growth, and development status. At present, the clinical treatment methods for this disease include health education, drug therapy, immunotherapy, and adjuvant therapy. This article will elaborate on the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, allergens, treatment methods, and prevention of allergic rhinitis in children.
