腰椎间盘突出症(Lumbar Disc Herniation, LDH)术后残余症状是一个常见但复杂的临床问题,严重影响患者术后生活质量。本文综述了LDH术后残余症状的流行病学、病因、临床表现、诊断和治疗等方面的研究进展。研究表明,LDH术后残余症状发生率高,主要与神经根压迫、炎症反应等因素有关。准确诊断需综合分析临床表现、影像学和电生理检查结果。治疗策略包括药物、物理疗法、微创手术和康复训练等,应遵循个体化原则。多模式疼痛管理有助于改善预后。未来研究应关注新型微创术式、治疗新方法以及个体化诊疗策略的制定,重视前瞻性、大样本临床试验和新技术应用,需要多学科协作,以期进一步提升LDH术后患者生活质量。Postoperative residual symptoms of lumbar disc herniation (LDH) are a common yet complex clinical issue that significantly affects patients’ quality of life after surgery. This review summarizes the current research progress on the epidemiology, etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of postoperative residual symptoms of LDH. Studies show that the incidence of these residual symptoms is high and is primarily associated with factors such as nerve root compression and inflammatory responses. Accurate diagnosis requires a comprehensive analysis of clinical manifestations, imaging, and electrophysiological examination results. Treatment strategies include medication, physical therapy, minimally invasive surgery, and rehabilitation training, with an emphasis on individualized approaches. Multimodal pain management is beneficial for improving prognosis. Future research should focus on new minimally invasive techniques, novel treatment methods, and the development of individualized diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Attention should be given to prospective, large-scale clinical trials and the application of new technologies, with a multidisciplinary approach to further enhance the quality o
