近年来小学生心理危机现象频频发生,严重影响了他们的学习和生活,这也是当今教育界关注的热点问题之一。通过自编问卷和小学生心理健康评定量表(MHRSP)对2573名1~6年级海南省小学生心理健康现状进行调查,并探究影响小学生心理健康的内在因素,以期为小学生的心理健康教育相关政策的制定提供依据。In recent years, psychological crises among primary school students have occurred frequently, seriously affecting their studies and lives. This issue has become one of the hot topics in the educational field today. A survey was conducted on the mental health status of 2,573 primary school students in grades 1~6 in Hainan Province using a self-designed questionnaire and the Mental Health Rating Scale for Primary School Students (MHRSP). The aim was to explore the internal factors influencing the mental health of primary school students, providing a basis for the formulation of relevant policies concerning mental health education for primary school students.
随着我国社会经济的快速发展和教育改革的不断深化,中小学生的心理健康问题日益凸显。研究通过分析中小学生心理发展的特点和危机诱因,指出了当前中小学生心理健康教育与危机干预存在的问题,如普及不足、资源配备短缺等。基于此,本文提出了前置性危机干预模式。该模式强调预防心理危机的发生,通过提前识别潜在风险并采取有效措施,降低危机事件发生概率和影响程度。前置性危机干预模式是一种将干预节点提前至危机萌芽阶段,主动识别并采取预防措施的危机管理策略。它旨在通过心理健康教育课程体系的优化、精准化早期预警机制的建立、家校社共育协同效应的强化及社会支持资源网络的拓展等手段,为中小学生构建全面、系统的心理健康防线。研究还强调了师资队伍建设、政策制度保障及信息技术保障的重要性。实施该模式能够有效地降低中小学生心理危机的发生率,减轻危机事件对学生身心健康的不良影响,为学生的健康成长营造更为健康稳定的心理环境,进而对提升整体国民素质和促进社会和谐稳定产生深远影响。With the rapid socioeconomic development and the deepening of educational reforms in China, mental health issues among primary and middle school students have become increasingly prominent. By analyzing the characteristics of psychological development and crisis inducing factors among primary and middle school students, the study points out the problems existing in the current mental health education and crisis intervention for this group, such as inadequate promotion and a shortage of resource allocation. Based on this, the study proposes a pre-emptive crisis intervention model. This model emphasizes the prevention of psychological crises by identifying potential risks in advance and taking effective measures to reduce the probability and impact of crisis events. The pre-emptive crisis intervent