数字经济时代,电子商务发展已成为农村经济的重要组成部分,影响着农村居民收入。本研究使用2011~2022年31个省(市、区)数据,探究农村电子商务发展对农村居民收入的影响和空间溢出效应,利用熵值法对农村电商发展进行综合评价,并使用空间杜宾模型验证农村电子商务对农民增收的直接效应和间接效应,在此基础上,进行区域异质性分析。结果表明:东部地区农村电子商务水平远高于其他地区,中部和西部地区稳步增长,东北地区成为农村电子商务发展洼地;农村电子商务发展显著提高本地农村居民收入,且促进邻地农村居民增收;农村电子商务对农村居民收入提高作用具有区域异质性,东部地区增收效应更显著。In the era of digital economy, the development of e-commerce has become an important part of the rural economy, affecting the income of rural residents. This study uses the data of 31 provinces (municipalities and districts) from 2011 to 2022 to explore the impact and spatial spillover effect of rural e-commerce development on rural residents’ income, uses the entropy method to comprehensively evaluate the development of rural e-commerce, and uses the spatial Durbin model to verify the direct and indirect effects of rural e-commerce on farmers’ income increase, and on this basis, the regional heterogeneity analysis is carried out. The results show that the level of rural e-commerce in the eastern region is much higher than that in other regions, while the central and western regions have grown steadily, and the northeast region has become a depression in the development of rural e-commerce. The development of rural e-commerce has significantly increased the income of local rural residents and promoted the income of rural residents in neighboring areas. The effect of rural e-commerce on the income of rural residents is regionally heterogeneous, and the income increase effect is more significant in the eastern region.
本文探讨了农村电子商务发展视角下农村基础设施建设的必要性、困境与对策。指出农村电子商务作为推动农村经济转型升级的重要力量,其发展离不开农村基础设施的支撑。文章首先分析了农村电子商务在农村基础设施的基础上促进农产品销售、提升农民收入、推动农业现代化等方面的积极作用,并揭示了当前农村基础设施建设的不足。随后,提出了强化网络基建、完善物流体系、培育专业人才等具体对策,旨在通过多维度、系统性的策略,全面提升农村地区的信息化水平,促进农业农村发展的现代化。This paper discusses the necessity, dilemma and countermeasures of rural infrastructure construction under the perspective of rural e-commerce development. It is pointed out that rural e-commerce, as an important force to promote the transformation and upgrading of rural economy, cannot develop without the support of rural infrastructure. The article first analyzes the positive role of rural e-commerce in promoting the sale of agricultural products, enhancing farmers’ income and promoting agricultural modernization on the basis of rural infrastructure, and reveals the current inadequacy of rural infrastructure construction. Subsequently, it puts forward specific countermeasures such as strengthening network infrastructure, perfecting the logistics system, and cultivating professionals, aiming to comprehensively enhance the level of informationization in rural areas and promote the modernization of agricultural and rural development through a multi-dimensional and systematic strategy.
2022年中央一号文件提出“数商兴农”的农村电商发展新方向,强调在农村运用数字技术赋能经济社会持续健康发展。培养农村电子商务人才是坚持发展数商兴农工程的必然要求,具有推动农村专业化电子商务人才队伍建设、提供就业岗位实现农民有效就业、有力推动农业农村现代化发展的重要意义。但当前,我国农村电子商务人才培养存在着缺乏积极性、规范性、时效性等问题,制约着农村电子商务人才培养的进一步发展。针对存在的现实问题,可以采取多样化措施进行解决,实现调动积极性、规范培养模式、推动人才培养与时俱进,从而推动农村电子商务人才培养向高技能、高素养的现代化方向稳步迈进。In 2022, the Central Government’s No. 1 document proposed “promoting agriculture through digital commerce” for rural e-commerce, emphasizing digital technology’s role in sustaining rural socio-economic development. Cultivating rural e-commerce talents is crucial for the “Digital Commerce and Agricultural Revitalization Project”, facilitating specialized talent teams, effective farmer employment, and agricultural-rural modernization. However, issues such as lack of enthusiasm, standardization, and timeliness hinder rural e-commerce talent development. To address these, diversified measures can be implemented to mobilize enthusiasm, standardize training, and ensure timeliness, thereby advancing rural e-commerce talent cultivation towards a modern, high-skill, and high-literacy direction.
在新技术革命背景下,加快数字政府建设促进数字经济发展是时代必然要求。数字经济正在引领着新一轮的产业革命,我国农村电子商务是其中重要一环。数字政府建设关键在于共享、互通和便利,这也是建设的主要途径。农村电子商务目前面临的困境在于:产品重复与信息壁垒、证照不全及擦边运行、规模化经营过程受阻。数字政府建设目标与农村电商发展困境耦合,共享打破产品重复与信息壁垒现状、互通改善证照不全带来的擦边运行、便利则打通规模化经营通道,三条路径共同发力驱动农村电子商务高质量发展。In the context of the new technological revolution, accelerating the construction of digital government to promote the development of digital economy is an inevitable requirement of The Times. Digital economy is leading a new round of industrial revolution, and China’s rural e-commerce is an important part of it. The key to the construction of digital government lies in sharing, interoperability and convenience, which is also the main way of construction. At present, rural e-commerce is facing difficulties in product duplication and information barriers, incomplete licenses, marginal operation, and large-scale operation process obstruction. The goal of digital government construction is coupled with the development dilemma of rural e-commerce, sharing the status quo of breaking product duplication and information barriers, interworking to improve the marginal operation brought by incomplete licenses, and facilitating the opening of large-scale operation channels, and the three paths jointly drive the high-quality development of rural e-commerce.
